Abstract
Despite the proliferation of biomedical and psychological treatments, the global burden of chronic intractable (long-term) pain remains high—a treatment-prevalence paradox. The biopsychosocial model, introduced in the 1970s, is central to strategies for managing pain, but has been criticised for being decontextualised and fragmented, compromising the effectiveness of healthcare pain support services and patient care. The aim of this study was to apply a simplified version of Ken Wilber’s All Quadrant All Levels (AQAL) framework to pain in a healthcare context to advance a biopsychosocial understanding. Utilising domain knowledge, the author mapped features of pain and coping to intrasubjective, intraobjective, intersubjective, and interobjective quadrants (perspectives), as well as levels of psychological development. Narratives were crafted to synthesize the findings of mapping with literature from diverse disciplines within the contexts of salutogenesis and a social model of health. The findings showed that AQAL-mapping enhanced contextual biopsychosocial coherence and exposed the conceptual error of reifying pain. Its utility lay in highlighting upstream influences of the painogenic environment, supporting the reconfiguration of pain within a social model of health, as exemplified by the UK’s Rethinking Pain Service. In conclusion, a simple version of the AQAL framework served as a heuristic device to develop an integral vision of pain, opening opportunities for health promotion solutions within a salutogenic context.
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Divisions: | School of Health |
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Identification Number: | https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050703 |
Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Yes |
Publisher: | MDPI AG |
Additional Information: | © 2025 by the author |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Ken Wilber; all quadrant all level integral framework; biopsychosocial; health promotion; pain; painogenic environment; salutogenesis; 1701 Psychology; 1702 Cognitive Sciences; 3202 Clinical sciences; 5202 Biological psychology; 5203 Clinical and health psychology |
SWORD Depositor: | Symplectic |
Depositing User (symplectic) | Deposited by Mann, Elizabeth |
Date Deposited: | 16 Jun 2025 16:16 |
Last Modified: | 18 Jun 2025 14:17 |
Item Type: | Article |