Items where Author is "Arnold, KF"

Gilthorpe, MS and Kakampakou, L and Stokes, J and Hoehn, A and de Kamps, M and Lawniczak, W and Arnold, KF and Hensor, EMA and Heppenstall, AJ (2025) Simulating hierarchical data to assess the utility of ecological versus multilevel analyses in obtaining individual-level causal effects. BMC Medical Research Methodology. (In Press)

Berrie, L and Arnold, KF and Tomova, GD and Gilthorpe, MS and Tennant, PWG (2024) Depicting deterministic variables within directed acyclic graphs (DAGs): An aid for identifying and interpreting causal effects involving derived variables and compositional data. American Journal of Epidemiology. pp. 1-22. ISSN 0002-9262 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwae153